Scottish Household Survey (SHS)

The Scottish Household Survey (SHS) is an annual survey conducted since 1999 (with a revised volunteer question set added in 2007).

It collects data on a wide range of topics through face-to-face, in-home interviews. This includes annual questions on formal volunteering and, since 2018, biennial questions on informal volunteering. The SHS is the most authoritative data source on volunteering in Scotland, with a sample size of around 10,000 adults aged 16 or over.

Volunteer Scotland analyse the SHS results on an annual basis. The level of analysis we do depends on whether the SHS dataset has the short or long question set. From 2024, in even years the survey will ask the short question set, which covers formal volunteer participation rates and types of organisations volunteered with. In odd years the long question set is asked and means we can report on formal and informal volunteer participation, frequency of volunteering, hours volunteered, types of organisations volunteered with and volunteering activity.

SHS data is usually published in the Autumn. This is the headline data with summary data tables, and Volunteer Scotland publish a blog and report on the findings. In the Summer the full dataset is released by the Scottish Government and Volunteer Scotland conducts more detailed analysis on this. Please note that the SHS data is published a year behind, so the 2023 dataset is published in 2024 etc.

SHS 2024 Results

After formal volunteer participation dropped to its lowest recorded level of 18% in 2023, the latest Scottish Household Survey results for 2024 show positive changes, with 25% of adults in Scotland volunteering with a group, club or organisation in 2024. This means the number of volunteers in Scotland increased by 331,000 between 2023 and 2024. These results point to the beginning of recovery for Scotland’s voluntary sector following the Covid-19 pandemic and cost of living crisis, with the formal volunteer participation rate just one-percentage point shy of the rate of 26% in 2019. 

Related downloads

Please use the links below to explore our previous SHS reports and SHS tables going back to 2007.

Related Blogs

Each year, our Research and Evaluation team publishes a blog reflecting on the latest SHS results. Check out some of the most recent blogs below.